Umushyushyarugamba wa firime igwa mu ngaruka nyinshi
Umushyushya ukwirakwiza ibiryo mu gasanduku kamwe kameze nk'agasanduku kari imbere mu miyoboro ihagaze. Umwotsi ugabanya ubushyuhe bwo kubira, bityo umwuka ukava mu kirere uba buhoro buhoro kuri ΔT nto mu gihe agasanduku kagenda vuba. Ubwo buryo bw'ubushyuhe burinda ibintu byoroheje kandi bukagabanya kwangirika.
Imiterere y’ibikoresho byinshi ihindura umwuka uva kuri kimwe ujya kuri ikindi ku gipimo gito cy’umuvuduko, ibyo bikazamura ubukungu bw’umwuka kandi bikagabanya ubwinshi bw’ibikoresho bya boiler.
Ibimera bishobora kongeramo TVR (steam jet thermocompressor) cyangwa MVR (mechanical recompressor) kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu kongera gukoresha umwuka aho gutwika lisansi y'inyongera. Urufatiro, imiyoboro, n'ibikoresho bikoresha ubuso buhuza icyuma kitagira umugese bufite imiterere y'isuku.
Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoreshwa na Siemens ishingiye kuri HMI trends, interlocks, na recipe handling; abakoresha babona setpoints kuri ecran kandi bagakomeza gukora repetitions zishobora gusubirwamo mu gihe cyose.
Abakora ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bikungahaye ku mitobe isobanutse kandi yuzuye ibicu, ibinure, sirupe, imigezi y'amata, ikawa n'ibikomoka ku bimera mu gihe babikamo ubuziranenge.
Isuku yo mu bwoko bwa vacuum + short residential igabanya "amanota" atetse no gutakaza ibara, ibyo bigatuma ingaruka z'amajwi ziyongera ndetse n'umusaruro w'umumaro w'imashini.
Ibikoresho bikoresha imiti n'imiti biyungukiramo kubera ubushyuhe buke no kugenzura neza ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bidafite ubushyuhe.
ΔT yoroshye munsi y'ubushyuhe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ikore neza kandi igire ubuziranenge. Impumuro nziza zirabagirana iyo umuvuduko urenze urugero; ubushyuhe burazirinda kandi bukagabanya igihombo cyo gusohora.
Amategeko agenga isuku asaba ko ibyuma bitagira umugese bikorana neza n'imizunguruko ya CIP ikora hifashishijwe ibipimo byanditse.
Iyi miterere y’inganda iha abakora ibikorwa ahantu hasobanutse neza kandi hahurira abantu benshi kugira ngo bibanda ku musaruro no kubahiriza amategeko aho kurwanya ibintu bihindagurika.
1. Kwakira no gusuzuma ibiryo → Gutuza ibintu bikomeye, gukuraho uduce duto.
2. Gushyushya → kuzamura ibiryo kugira ngo bigere ku bushyuhe buhamye.
3. Gusuzuma imashini ikoresha umwuka n'imashini igabanya ubushyuhe → gukurura umuvuduko w'ikintu gikoreshwa; kugenzura ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha.
4. Gukwirakwiza firime → kunyagisha imiyoboro yose kimwe; kurinda agaciro ka U n'uburyohe.
5. Ingaruka ya 1 yo guhumeka → teka amazi; shyira umwuka mu kirere kugira ngo ushyushye ingaruka ikurikiraho.
6. Guhindura umwuka hagati y’ingaruka → gukwirakwira kugera ku gitutu gito; kongera gukoresha ubushyuhe buhishe.
7. Ingaruka za N zituruka mu mwuka → rangiza icyiciro cyazo ku rugero rworoshye rushoboka rwa ΔT.
8. Gutandukanya amazi n'umwuka → gukuraho ikintu gifunga; kurinda kondensateri n'impumuro nziza.
9. Gufata neza no gukaraba → subiza imiterere y'amazi isukuye ku mitwe.
10. Igikoresho cyo gufata ikigega / igice gikurikiraho → hambira kuri UHT, deaerator, cyangwa aseptic filler.
11. CIP → sukura/alkali/aside/sukura bwa nyuma; andika igihe cy'ubushyuhe.
A) Umubiri wa firime igwa
Imiterere: imiyoboro ihagaze ifite imitwe y'isuku n'urupapuro rw'imiyoboro rwatunganyijwe neza.
Intego: gukora agace gato gakoreshwa n'imbaraga rukuruzi kugira ngo amazi ahinduke mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwihuse.
Ihame ry'imikorere: vacuum igabanya ubushyuhe; ΔT iguma hasi; igihe cyo kuyigumamo kiguma gito kugira ngo uburyohe n'ibara bikomeze.
Imikoreshereze: imitobe, ibinure, amata, ibikomoka ku bimera.
Ibitandukanya: coefficients nyinshi zo kohereza ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko mu gihe gito; ubuso busukuye bwo gufatana n'icyuma kitagira umugese.
Ingaruka: ireme ryo hejuru, ikosa rito, ikoreshwa neza mu gihe kirekire.
B) Sisitemu yo Gukwirakwiza Filimi
Imiterere: umutwe ukwirakwiza ibiryo n'ibikoresho by'imbere bitosesha buri muyoboro ku buryo bungana.
Intego: gukumira ahantu humutse ku nkuta n'imirongo ishyushye.
Ihame ry'imikorere: igipimo cyo kunywesha amazi gigenzurwa gikomeza gufata neza imiyoboro yose.
Ikoreshwa: ni ingenzi ku mbuto z'imbuto n'ibiryo bivanze n'ibikomeye.
Ibitandukanya: ndetse no kunywesha bikomeza agaciro ka U kandi bikongera uburebure bw'urugendo.
Ingaruka: guhagarara guke mu gusukura; ireme ry'ibicuruzwa rihoraho mu gihe cy'amasaha make.
C) Ibikoresho bishyushya n'ibihindura ubushyuhe byinshi
Imiterere: icyuma gishyushya mbere hamwe n'ibikoresho bishyushya mu buryo bukurikiranye.
Intego: kongera gukoresha ubushyuhe buhishe bwavuye mu ngaruka zabanje kugira ngo ugabanye ikoreshwa ry'umwuka ushyushye.
Ihame ry'imikorere: umwuka uva mu ngaruka ya 1 ushyushya ingaruka ya 1 + 1 ku gitutu gito.
Ikoreshwa: ingaruka eshatu cyangwa enye nk'ibanze; ingaruka nyinshi aho serivisi zibisobanura.
Ibitandukanya: bihuye na TVR/MVR n'ibikomoka ku bushyuhe bw'imyanda.
Ingaruka: igiciro cy'umwuka kiri hejuru kandi igiciro kiri hasi kuri kilo.
D) Ibitandukanya umwuka n'amazi
Imiterere: ibitandukanya bihagaze/by'ingufu bifite imirasire.
Intego: gukuraho ibitonyanga mbere y'ibikoresho byo konjesha n'ibyo kongeramo.
Ihame ry'imikorere: ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imbaraga n'umuvuduko w'amazi.
Imikoreshereze: ingaruka zose; cyane cyane ingaruka za nyuma zo kubika impumuro nziza.
Ibitandukanya: isuku y'amazi; ifu ihamye yo gukaraba no gukaraba.
Ingaruka: igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kirarushaho kuba cyiza kandi impumuro mbi ntiziba zihari.
E) Kondensateri yo hejuru n'ibidukikije bisukuye
Imiterere: icyuma gikonjesha n'umuyoboro w'amazi, umuyoboro w'amazi akonjesha, ipompo/imashini zisohora amazi mu buryo bwa vacuum.
Intego: guhindura umwuka uhumeka ukamera nk'umukungugu no kugumana umwuka udafite icyo utwaye ku ntego.
Ihame ry'imikorere: kwanga ubushyuhe ku bushyuhe buhamye bigabanya umuvuduko.
Ikoreshwa: ibiryo, amata, imiti; ifu y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ikoreshwa mu kugaburira abantu bashya.
Ibitandukanya: vacuum ihoraho yongera ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa n'ingufu.
Ingaruka: inzogera nke; ikora neza ku bushyuhe bw'intego.
F) Module ya TVR (Gusubiza umwuka mu bushyuhe)
Imiterere: ejector y'indege y'umuyaga (nta bice bigenda) ifite uburyo bwo kugenzura umwuka w'umuyaga.
Intego: kongera gukanda umuyoboro w'umwuka hanyuma ukongera kuwukoresha nk'igikoresho gishyushya.
Ihame ry'imikorere: umwuka uhumeka ujyana umwuka uhumeka ukongera ubushyuhe/umuvuduko wawo.
Ikoreshwa: iyo umwuka uhari kandi CAPEX igomba kuguma iringaniye.
Ibitandukanya: ubworoherane n'ubwiringiro "nk'inyongera ku ngaruka."
Ingaruka: kuzigama cyane kwa OPEX ugereranije na gari ya moshi za kera.
G) Module ya MVR (Mechanical Vapor Recompression)
Imiterere: icyuma gitera umwuka/compressor, moteri, VFD, gucunga konje.
Intego: kongera gukamura umwuka mwinshi ukoresheje amashanyarazi aho gukoresha umwuka uzima.
Ihame ry'imikorere: imikorere ya mekanike yongera ubushyuhe bw'amazi kugira ngo yongere gukoreshwa nk'icyuma gishyushya cy'ibanze.
Ikoreshwa: ahantu hatangiza amashanyarazi cyangwa imishinga yo gukuraho karuboni.
Ibitandukanya: ibura ry'umwuka rito cyane; bigabanya ikwirakwizwa ry'ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ingaruka: ingufu zikomeye n'igabanuka rya CO₂ hamwe n'ubushyuhe buhamye.
H) PLC + HMI & CIP yikora
Imiterere: Siemens PLC, HMI yo mu bwoko bwa ecran, amashanyarazi akomeye, uburyo bwo gutunganya amafunguro, interlocks; imikorere ya CIP hamwe na valves.
Intego: kubungabunga aho ibintu bigeze, kwerekana uko ibintu bihagaze, no kugabanya impinduka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa CIP bwikora.
Ihame ry'imikorere: kugenzura ubushyuhe, urugero, isuku, n'amazi; uburyo butatu bwo gukora buhari kugira ngo habeho ingaruka.
Ibitandukanya: kugenzura byigenga kwa Siemens, kugenzura isano hagati y’impinduka mu mutekano, n’ibice by’ikirango mpuzamahanga.
Ingaruka: abakora kuri buri murongo bake, ihindagurika ryizewe, n'imikorere isukuye kandi isubiramo.
Shyiramo imitobe isobanutse neza/ifite ibicu, ibinyampeke, ibikomoka ku mata, ibikomoka ku bimera, na sirupe ku ngengabihe y'inganda. Agace kagwa karinda ubuziranenge mu gihe cy'isuku.
Ubuhanga bushobora guhuza ingaruka, isuku, n'ubushyuhe muri gari ya moshi yose.
Ibimera bishobora gushyira ingufu muri UHT, deaeration, cyangwa aseptic filling hakoreshejwe imirongo migufi kugira ngo bigabanye igihombo no gutuma igenzura ryoroha.
Abakora bagenzura uburyo bwo guteka PLC, aho zishyirwa, n'ingufuri zituruka kuri ecran za HMI, mu gihe interlocks zihuza pompe, valves, na vacuum kugira ngo startups na stops bikomeze kuba mu mutekano. Sisitemu yandika uko ibintu bigenda n'amakuru y'itsinda ry'abakora ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga n'isuzuma ry'inganda; kohereza amakuru mu mahanga bishyigikira iterambere rihoraho.
Igishushanyo cya EASYREAL gikoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura bwa Siemens n'ibice by'amashanyarazi bifite ikirango kugira ngo gikoreshwe neza.
Imashini ikoresha evaporator ishyigikira uburyo butatu bwo gukora (urugero, ingaruka zose hamwe, iya 3 + iya 1, cyangwa iya 1 gusa) bityo inganda zishobora kumenyera ihindagurika ry'ibikoresho fatizo, amadirishya y'imisoro, cyangwa imikorere y'igice cy'umutwaro idatakaje ubusugire.
CIP ituruka kuri HMI imwe hamwe n'intambwe zagenwe n'igenzura ry'ubushyuhe/igihe.
Sangiza idirishya ryawe ry'ibiryo (aho binjirira/aho bisohokera °Brix cyangwa ibintu bikomeye, ubushyuhe), umutwaro wo gukuramo amazi buri munsi, ubushyuhe bwemewe bw'ibicuruzwa, n'ibikoresho by'ibanze (urwego rw'umwuka/ikiguzi, ingufu, amazi akonjesha).
Tuzatanga inama yo kubara ingaruka, uburyo bwo gukoresha TVR/MVR, amahirwe yo guhuza ubushyuhe, hamwe n'imiterere/P&ID hamwe n'intambwe zo gutangira gukoresha na gahunda y'ibindi bikoresho.
Contact EASYREAL: [email protected].
