Isivuseleli Sefilimu Esiwa Ngemiphumela Eminingi
I-evaporator isakaza ukudla kufilimu efanayo ngaphakathi kwamapayipi aqondile. I-vacuum yehlisa izinga lokubila, ngakho-ke ukuhwamuka kwenzeka kancane ku-ΔT encane ngenkathi ifilimu ihamba ngokushesha. Lokho kuqonda kokushisa kulondoloza izithako ezibucayi futhi kunciphise ukungcola.
Ukuhlelwa kwemiphumela eminingi kudlulisa umusi wesibili kusuka komunye umphumela uye komunye ekushiseni ngomfutho ophansi, okwandisa ukonga umusi futhi kunciphisa isidingo sebhoyila.
Izitshalo zinganezela i-TVR (i-steam jet thermocompressor) noma i-MVR (i-mechanical recompressor) ukuze ziphinde zisebenzise umusi esikhundleni sokushisa uphethiloli owengeziwe. Uhlaka, amapayipi, kanye nezitsha zisebenzisa izindawo zokuxhumana zensimbi engagqwali ezinomklamo wenhlanzeko.
Uhlelo lokulawula lusekelwe ku-Siemens olunezitayela ze-HMI, ama-interlock, kanye nokuphathwa kwamaresiphi; opharetha babona ama-setpoint esikrinini futhi bagcina ukugijima kuphindaphindwa phakathi kwamashifu.
Abakhiqizi bokudla neziphuzo bagxila amajusi acacile nanamafu, ama-pulp, amasiraphu, imifudlana yobisi, ikhofi kanye nezicucu zezitshalo ngenkathi begcina ikhwalithi ephezulu.
I-vacuum + ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane kunciphisa amanothi "aphekiwe" kanye nokulahleka kombala, okuthuthukisa imiphumela yokuzwa engezansi kanye nemikhiqizo yokomisa.
Amakhemikhali kanye nemithi esezingeni eliphezulu bayazuza ekucindezelekeni okuphansi kokushisa kanye nokulawulwa okuzinzile kwe-vacuum.
I-ΔT emnene ngaphansi kwe-vacuum ibalulekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi. Ama-aroma compounds ayakhanya uma ingcindezi iphezulu; i-vacuum iyawavikela futhi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokukhumula.
Imithetho yokuhlanzeka idinga izindawo zokuthintana zensimbi engagqwali ezibushelelezi kanye nemijikelezo ye-CIP ezenzakalelayo enemingcele egciniwe.
Lo mklamo wezimboni unikeza abaqhubi izindawo ezicacile kanye nezindawo zokuxhuma ukuze bagxile ekufinyeleleni nasekulandeleni imithetho kunokulwa nokushintshashintsha.
1. Ukwamukelwa nokuhlolwa kokudla → ukuqinisa izinto eziqinile, susa izinhlayiya ezinkulu.
2. Ukushisa → phakamisa ukudla ukuze kufinyelele izinga lokushisa ukuze kumile ifilimu eqinile.
3. Isethi ye-vacuum kanye nokuhlola i-condenser → ukudonsa ingcindezi eqondiwe; qinisekisa amandla okupholisa.
4. Ukusatshalaliswa kwefilimu → manzisa wonke amashubhu ngokulinganayo; vikela inani le-U kanye nokunambitheka.
5. Umphumela 1 wokuhwamuka → Bilisa amanzi; hambisa umhwamuko ukuze ufudumale umphumela olandelayo.
6. Ukudluliselwa komhwamuko phakathi kwemiphumela → ukugeleza kuye ekucindezelweni okuphansi; phinda usebenzise ukushisa okucashile.
7. Umphumela we-N ukuhwamuka → ukuqeda ukuhlushwa ku-ΔT emnene kakhulu engenzeka.
8. Ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluphumayo → susa ukuvimba; vikela i-condenser nephunga elimnandi.
9. Ukuphathwa komswakama kanye nomswakama → buyisela i-condensate ehlanzekile ezihlokweni.
10. Umkhiqizo wokubamba ithangi / iyunithi elandelayo → bophezela ku-UHT, i-deaerator, noma i-aseptic filler.
11. I-CIP → sebenzisa ukuhlanza/i-alkali/i-asidi/ukuhlanza kokugcina; bhala izinga lokushisa lesikhathi.
A) Umzimba Wefilimu Owayo
Isakhiwo: amashubhu aqondile anezinhloko zezempilo kanye neshidi leshubhu elilungiselelwe kahle.
Inhloso: yakha ifilimu elincane, eliqhutshwa amandla adonsela phansi ukuze kuphume umoya kancane futhi ngokushesha.
Isimiso sokusebenza: i-vacuum inciphisa izinga lokubila; i-ΔT ihlala iphansi; isikhathi sokuhlala sifushane ukuze kulondolozwe ukunambitheka nombala.
Ukusetshenziswa: amajusi, ama-pulps, ubisi, izithasiselo.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: ama-coefficient okudlulisa ukushisa okuphezulu kanye nokugeleza okufushane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; izindawo zokuthintana zensimbi engagqwali ezihlanzekile.
Umthelela: ikhwalithi ephezulu, ukungangcolisi kahle, ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo emijahweni emide.
B) Uhlelo Lokusabalalisa Amafilimu
Isakhiwo: ikhanda lokusabalalisa ukudla kanye namadivayisi angaphakathi amanzisa ithubhu ngalinye ngokulinganayo.
Inhloso: ukuvimbela amabala odongeni omile kanye nemigqa eshisayo.
Isimiso sokusebenza: izinga lokumanzisa elilawulwayo ligcina ifilimu eqhubekayo kuwo wonke amapayipi.
Ukusetshenziswa: kubalulekile kuma-pulp ezithelo kanye nokudla okuxubile okuqinile.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: ngisho nokumanzisa kugcina amanani e-U futhi kwandise ubude bokugijima.
Umphumela: ukuncipha kokuyeka ukuhlanza; ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
C) Izishintshi Zokushisa Ezishisayo Nezinemiphumela Eminingi
Isakhiwo: ama-preheater kanye nama-effect heater alandelanayo.
Inhloso: sebenzisa kabusha ukushisa okucashile okuvela emphumeleni wangaphambilini ukuze unciphise ukusetshenziswa komusi.
Isimiso sokusebenza: umhwamuko ovela kumphumela i ufudumeza umphumela i+1 ngengcindezi ephansi.
Ukusetshenziswa: imiphumela emithathu noma emine njengesisekelo; imiphumela eminingi lapho izinsiza zivumela khona.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: ziyahambisana ne-TVR/MVR kanye nemithombo yokushisa elahliwe.
Umthelela: ukonga okuphezulu komusi kanye nezindleko eziphansi ngekhilogremu.
D) Izihlukanisi Zomhwamuko Noketshezi
Isakhiwo: abahlukanisi abaqondile/abayi-vortex abane-demisters.
Inhloso: susa amaconsi ngaphambi kwama-condenser nama-recompressor.
Isimiso sokusebenza: amandla adonsela phansi kanye nokulawulwa komkhawulo wokugeleza.
Ukusetshenziswa: yonke imiphumela; ikakhulukazi umphumela wokugcina wokugcina iphunga.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: i-condensate ehlanzekile; imithwalo ye-vacuum ezinzile kanye ne-compressor.
Umthelela: impilo engcono yemishini kanye nokulahlekelwa okuncane kwephunga.
E) I-Condenser Engaphezulu kanye Nendawo Yokushaja I-Vacuum
Isakhiwo: i-condenser yegobolondo ne-tube, i-water loop epholile, amaphampu/ama-ejector e-vacuum.
Inhloso: guqula umusi ube yi-condensate bese ugcina i-vacuum isendaweni eqondiwe.
Isimiso sokusebenza: ukwenqatshwa kokushisa lapho izinga lokushisa lizinzile kuyazinzisa ingcindezi.
Ukusetshenziswa: ukudla, ubisi, amakhemikhali; i-vacuum ejulile yokudla okuzwela ukushisa.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: i-vacuum eqinile ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nebhalansi yamandla.
Umthelela: ama-alamu ambalwa; ukugijima okuqhubekayo emazingeni okushisa aqondiwe.
F) Imodyuli ye-TVR (Thermal Vapor Recompression)
Isakhiwo: i-ejector ye-steam jet (akukho izingxenye ezihambayo) enokulawula i-motion steam.
Inhloso: cindezela kabusha i-slipstream yomphunga bese uyibuyisela njenge-heating medium.
Isimiso sokusebenza: umusi oshukumisayo ufaka umusi wesibili futhi uphakamise izinga lokushisa/ingcindezi yawo.
Ukusetshenziswa: uma umusi utholakala futhi i-CAPEX kumele ihlale iphakathi.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: ubulula nokuthembeka "njengokwengeza umphumela owengeziwe."
Umthelela: ukonga okunamandla kwe-OPEX uma kuqhathaniswa nezitimela zakudala.
G) Imodyuli ye-MVR (Mechanical Vapor Recompression)
Isakhiwo: umshini wokufutha/wokucindezela, umshini wokushayela, i-VFD, ukuphathwa kwe-condensate.
Inhloso: cindezela kabusha iningi lomhwamuko ngogesi esikhundleni somusi ophilayo.
Isimiso sokusebenza: umsebenzi womshini uphakamisa izinga lokushisa lokugcwala ukuze lisetshenziswe kabusha njengesifudumezi esiyinhloko.
Isicelo: izindawo ezinobungani nogesi noma amaphrojekthi okususa i-carbonization.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: isidingo esincane kakhulu somusi; kunciphisa ukuchayeka kuphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
Umthelela: amandla amakhulu kanye nokuncishiswa kwe-CO₂ okunamaphrofayili okushisa azinzile.
H) I-PLC + i-HMI kanye ne-CIP ezenzakalelayo
Isakhiwo: I-Siemens PLC, i-HMI yesikrini sokuthinta, izinto zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ukuphathwa kwamaresiphi, ukukhiya okuhlanganisiwe; umsebenzi we-CIP nama-valve ahlanganisiwe.
Inhloso: ukugcina izindawo ezibekiwe, ukukhombisa izitayela, kanye nokufinyeza izinguquko ngemijikelezo ye-CIP ezenzakalelayo.
Isimiso sokusebenza: ukulawulwa kwe-loop evaliwe ekushiseni, amazinga, i-vacuum, kanye nokugeleza; izindlela ezintathu zokusebenza ezitholakalayo zokuhlanganiswa komphumela.
Izinto ezihlukanisayo: ukulawula okuzimele kwe-Siemens, ukulawula ukuxhumana kwezinguquko zesimo esiphephile, kanye nezingxenye zomkhiqizo wamazwe ngamazwe.
Umthelela: opharetha abambalwa ngomugqa ngamunye, izinguquko eziphephile, kanye nokugijima okuhlanzekile nokuphindekayo.
Sebenzisa amajusi acacile/anamafu, ama-pulp, izinto zobisi ezihlanganisiwe, izithasiselo zezitshalo, kanye namasiraphu ngezikhathi zezimboni. Ifilimu ewayo ivikela ikhwalithi ngaphansi kwe-vacuum.
Ubunjiniyela bungavumelanisa imiphumela, i-vacuum, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokushisa kuyo yonke isitimela.
Izitshalo zingahambisa ukugxila ku-UHT, ukuncipha komoya, noma ukugcwalisa okungenamagciwane ngemigqa emifushane ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa futhi kugcinwe ukuhlolwa kulula.
Abaqhubi baphatha izindlela zokupheka ze-PLC, izindawo zokusetha, kanye nama-alamu avela kuzikrini ze-HMI, kuyilapho ama-interlock ehlanganisa amaphampu, ama-valve, kanye ne-vacuum ukuze izinkampani ezintsha nezitobhi zihlale ziphephile. Uhlelo lubhala izitayela kanye namarekhodi eqembu le-QA kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezitshalo; ukuthunyelwa kwedatha kusekela ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo.
Idizayini ye-EASYREAL isebenzisa izilawuli ze-Siemens kanye nezingxenye zikagesi ezinophawu ukuze ithembeke.
I-evaporator isekela izindlela ezintathu zokusebenza (isib., yonke imiphumela ndawonye, eyesithathu + eyokuqala, noma eyokuqala kuphela) ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokushintshashintsha kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, amafasitela entela, noma ukusebenza komthwalo oyingxenye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuzinza.
I-CIP isebenza kusukela ku-HMI efanayo enezinyathelo ezichaziwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa/isikhathi.
Yabelana ngefasitela lakho lokuphakelayo (ukungena/ukuphuma kwe-°Brix noma okuqinile, i-viscosity), umthwalo wokususa amanzi nsuku zonke, izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo elivumelekile, kanye nezinsiza (izinga/izindleko zomusi, ugesi, amanzi okupholisa).
Sizophakamisa inani lemiphumela, izinketho ze-TVR/MVR, amathuba okuhlanganisa ukushisa, kanye nokwakheka/i-P&ID enezinyathelo zokuqalisa kanye nohlelo lwezipele.
Contact EASYREAL: [email protected].
