IShayina — 2022— I-Shanghai EasyReal Machinery Co., Ltd. (EasyReal, easireal.com) inikezeIsitshalo Sokuhlola Sobisi Neziphuzo Ezisekelwe EzitshalweningobaImfundo yeSichuan University of Science and EngineeringUlwazi olwengeziwe mayelana neyunivesithi luyatholakala ku-https://www.suse.edu.cn/.
Le phrojekthi yakhiwe njengesisekelo sokufundisa nokuzijwayeza. Isiza abafundi ukufunda izinyathelo zokukhiqiza zangempela esikalini sokuhlola. Iphinde inikeze othisha ipulatifomu eguquguqukayo yokuqeqesha, izivivinyo zomkhiqizo, kanye nomsebenzi wocwaningo. Lo mugqa uhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ukubilisa, ukugcwalisa, kanye nokucubungula ushizi ohlelweni olulodwa oluxhunyiwe.
Isitshalo sokuhlola sisetshenziswa kakhuluubisi, imikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe, ushizi, kanye neziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni.Kungaphinde kusekele umsebenzi wekilasi ku-rukwakheka kwe-epipe, ukulawulwa kokuthungwa, inhlanzeko, kanye nokupakishwa.
• Umsebenzisi wokugcina:ISichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE)
• Isicelo:imfundo kanye nokufundisa ngezinga lokuhlola
• Ama-Raw material:izithako zobisi kanye nezinto zamaprotheni ezitshalo
• Umthamo: 200 kg/h
• Imikhiqizo eyinhloko:ubisi olufakwe i-pasteurized, ubisi lwe-UHT, iyogathi ebilisiwe, ushizi, kanye neziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni
• Ukupakisha:izikhwama namabhodlela engilazi
• Unyaka wephrojekthi: 2022
Lesi sitshalo sokuhlola sinikeza abafundi umbono ocacile wenqubo ephelele yokukhiqiza. Abagcini nje ngokufunda imfundiso yenqubo ekilasini. Bangabona nokuthi amathangi, amaphampu, ama-heat exchanger, amayunithi okubilisa, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcwalisa zisebenza kanjani ndawonye.
Lokhu kubalulekile emfundweni yobunjiniyela bokudla. Abafundi kudingeka baqonde ukuthi isinyathelo esisodwa senqubo sithinta kanjani isinyathelo esilandelayo. Isibonelo, ukufudumala kusengaphambili kuthinta ukuhlangana. Ukuhlangana kuthinta ukuthungwa. Ukuvutshelwa kuthinta ukunambitheka kanye nokuqina. Izimo zokugcwalisa zithinta inhlanzeko kanye nokusebenza kweshalofu.
Ngenxa yokuthi umugqa wakhiwe ngesilinganiso sokuhlola, mkhulu ngokwanele ekufundeni kwenqubo yangempela, kodwa usaguquguquka ngokwanele ukusetshenziswa ekilasini kanye nezivivinyo zokufundisa.
Umugqa usekela izigaba eziningana zemikhiqizo ezivamile.
Imikhiqizo Yobisi
Abafundi bangakhiqiza:
• ubisi lobisi olufakwe uphethiloli
• Ubisi lwe-UHT
• iyogathi ebilisiwe
• ushizi
Le mikhiqizo isiza abafundi ukuthi bafunde umehluko phakathi kokucubungula okushisa okuphansi nokushisa okuphezulu. Bangaqhathanisa futhi imikhiqizo yobisi emisha nemikhiqizo yobisi ehlala isikhathi eside eshalofini.
Iziphuzo Ezisekelwe Ezitshalweni
Ulayini uphinde usekeleiziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweniezenziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo kanyeamaprotheni ezitshaloLokhu kubalulekile ngoba amanyuvesi manje afundisa kokubili ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo wobisi kanye nomkhiqizo ongewona owobisi.
Ekilasini, abafundi bangaqhathanisaubisi lobisikanyeokunye kobisieceleni. Bangabona umehluko ekubunjweni, umbala, ukugeleza, kanye nokuzinza. Bangafunda nokuthi kungani abanyeiziphuzo ezingenayo ubisizidinga ukuhlanganiswa okunamandla kanye nokuhlanganiswa okunamandla.
Isitshalo sokuhlola sixhumanisa izingxenye eziningana ezihambisanayo emgqeni owodwa. Ingxenye ngayinye isekela ingxenye elandelayo.
1) Ukuphathwa Kwezinto Ezingavuthiwe kanye Nokwelashwa Ngaphambi Kokwelashwa
Lesi sigaba silungisa umkhiqizo ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngokushisa, ukubilisa, noma ukugcwalisa.
Imishini eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
• ithangi lokupholisa
• ithangi lokushisa kusengaphambili
• i-homogenizer yokucindezela okuphezulu
• ithangi elikhipha i-emulsifying elinobukhulu obuphezulu
Lesi sigaba siwusizo kokubili emikhiqizweni yobisi kanye nemikhiqizo esuselwe ezitshalweni. Abafundi bangafunda ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zisabela kanjani ekuxubeni, ekushiseni nasekucindezelweni. Bangabona nokuthiiphrotheni yobisiukuziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ku-amaprotheni ezitshalo.
2) Isigaba Sokwelapha Ukushisa
Umugqa uhlanganisaisihlanzisi sepuleti esizenzakalelayo ngokupheleleLesi sigaba sisetshenziselwa izinyathelo zokulawula ukubulala amagciwane noma ukubulala amagciwane, kuye ngomkhiqizo.
Abafundi bangafunda:
• amajika okushisa
• isikhathi sokubamba
• imiphumela yokupholisa
• inhlanzeko yenqubo
Lesi ngesinye sezigaba zokufundisa ezibaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlu. Sisiza abafundi baqonde ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa kokushisa kubalulekile ekuphepheni, isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
3) Isigaba Sokupholisa Nokuvubela
Ngemva kokwelashwa ngokushisa, eminye imikhiqizo ishintshela ekupholiseni noma ekubiliseni.
Imishini eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
• ithangi lokupholisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• uhlelo lokubilisa
Lesi sigaba sisetshenziselwa i-yogurt nezinye izivivinyo ezivutshiwe. Abafundi bangafunda ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokuvutshelwa, isikhathi sokulima kokuqala, kanye nesikhathi sokubamba kuthinta kanjani umkhiqizo wokugcina.
4) Isigaba Sokugcwalisa Nokupakisha
Isitshalo sokuhlola sihlanganisa uhlelo lokugcwalisa olusekela:
• ukupakishwa kwesikhwama
• ukupakishwa kwebhodlela lengilazi
Lokhu kuvumela abafundi ukuthi bafunde izindlela zokupakisha zemikhiqizo ehlukene. Bangafunda futhi umphumela wokupakisha ekuhambeni kwenqubo, ukuvikelwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokwethulwa kwawo.
5) Isigaba Sokucubungula Ushizi
Ulayini uhlanganisa nemishini yoshizi:
• umshini wokwakha ushizi
• umshini wokucindezela ushizi
Lokhu kunikeza abafundi ithuba lokuzijwayeza ukukhiqiza ushizi. Kuphinde kwandise inani lesitshalo sokuhlola ngale kwemikhiqizo yoketshezi.
Lo msebenzi awugcini nje ngokuphathelene nemishini, kodwa futhi uphathelene nemigomo yokufundisa.
Abafundi bangafunda ukuthi bangakwenza kanjani lokhu:
• phatha izinto zobisi eziluhlaza
• inquboiziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni
• qhathanisaubisi lobisifuthiokunye kobisiimikhiqizo
• hlola ukuzinza kuayinayo ubisiiziphuzo
• ukuqonda indima yeiphrotheni yobisifuthiamaprotheni ezitshalo
• funda ukuhlanganiswa kwe-emuls kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-homogenization
• lawula ukubiliswa nokugcwalisa
• hlola izinketho zokupakisha
Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi namuhla ngoba amanyuvesi amaningi afundisa kokubili ukucubungula ubisi lwendabuko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yokudla emisha. Umzila wokufundisa wesimanje kufanele usekele kokubili.
Isitshalo sokuhlola sifanelekile futhi emakilasini okwakha. Othisha bangasisebenzisa ekuhlolweni okuncane kokuhlola emikhiqizweni yobisi nemikhiqizo esekelwe ezitshalweni.
Isihloko esisodwa esiwusizo yilesiamafutha ancishisiweukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Abafundi bangakhiqiza iziphuzo zobisi ezinamafutha aphansi bese beziqhathanisa namafomula ajwayelekile. Bangahlola umehluko emzimbeni, emlonyeni, kanye nokuzinza.
Esinye isihloko esiwusizo ukwakheka kokudla okunempilo. Kwezinye izifundo zokuzijwayeza, abafundi bangaxoxa ngokuthiamavithamini namamineralizisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kweziphuzo. Zingaqhathanisa nendima yokudla okunempilo yeiphrotheni yobisifuthiamaprotheni ezitshaloemikhiqizweni yobisi kanye nemikhiqizo engeyona yobisi.
Ngenxa yokuthi lo mugqa usebenza ngezinga lokuhlola, abafundi bangaxhumanisa ulwazi lwezincwadi nemiphumela yangempela yenqubo.
Isitshalo sokuhlola singasekela amasampula amaningi okufundisa ngesemester eyodwa.
Izibonelo zifaka:
• okufakwe uketshezi oluyimpuphuubisi lobisi
• Ubisi lwe-UHT
• iyogathi
• ushizi
• iziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni
• okunye kobisiiziphuzo
• ayinayo ubisiiziphuzo
• iziphuzo zobisi ezinamafutha aphansi
Ukuze kuqeqeshwe ukunambitheka, othisha bangasebenzisa izindlela zokupheka ezikhethekile. Isibonelo esilula yi-ushokoledi omnyamaisiphuzo esisekelwe ezitshalweni esinongiwe. Esinye isibonelo isiphuzo sobisi esihlukile setshokolethi emnyama. Lezi zibonelo ziwusizo ngoba abafundi bangafunda kokubili ibhalansi yokunambitheka kanye nokuzinza ngokomzimba esivivinyweni esisodwa.
Isitshalo sokuhlola siphinde sisekele ingxoxo ebanzi ekilasini. Ezinhlelweni eziningi zobunjiniyela bokudla, othisha manje baxoxa ngokusimama, ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nemikhuba yemikhiqizo yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngokwesibonelo,iziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalwenizivame ukusetshenziswa ekilasini njenge-okunye kobisiisihloko. Othisha bangasebenzisa le mikhiqizo ukwethula imibono ejwayelekile mayelanaukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, izintambo zokuhlinzeka, kanye noshintsho ohlelweni lokudla. Umgomo akukhona nje ukufundisa iresiphi eyodwa. Umgomo uwukusiza abafundi baqonde ukuthi kungani ukukhetha umkhiqizo, ukwakheka kwenqubo, kanye nokukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kubalulekile embonini ebanzi.
Lokhu kwenza isitshalo sokuhlola sibe usizo hhayi nje ekuqeqeshweni okusebenzayo, kodwa futhi nasekufundiseni ukudla kwanamuhla.
Isitshalo sokuhlola siphinde sisekele ingxoxo ebanzi ekilasini. Ezinhlelweni eziningi zobunjiniyela bokudla, othisha manje baxoxa ngokusimama, ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa, kanye nemikhuba yemikhiqizo yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngokwesibonelo,iziphuzo ezisekelwe ezitshalwenizivame ukusetshenziswa ekilasini njenge-okunye kobisiisihloko. Othisha bangasebenzisa le mikhiqizo ukwethula imibono ejwayelekile mayelanaukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, izintambo zokuhlinzeka, kanye noshintsho ohlelweni lokudla. Umgomo akukhona nje ukufundisa iresiphi eyodwa. Umgomo uwukusiza abafundi baqonde ukuthi kungani ukukhetha umkhiqizo, ukwakheka kwenqubo, kanye nokukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kubalulekile embonini ebanzi.
Lokhu kwenza isitshalo sokuhlola sibe usizo hhayi nje ekuqeqeshweni okusebenzayo, kodwa futhi nasekufundiseni ukudla kwanamuhla.
Lesi sitshalo sokuhlola sinikeza i-SUSE ipulatifomu yemfundo ewusizo neguquguqukayo. Isekela ukufundisa ubisi, ukufunda ngemikhiqizo esekelwe ezitshalweni, izivivinyo zokuhlola, kanye nomkhuba wokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo emgqeni owodwa.
Abafundi bangasuka emfundweni baye emsebenzini wenqubo yangempela. Bangafunda ukwenziwa kwe-pasteurization, ukwakheka kwe-homogenization, ukubilisa, ukugcwalisa, kanye nokwenza ushizi emishinini yangempela. Bangaqhathanisa futhiubisi lobisi, ayinayo ubisiiziphuzo, nezinyeiziphuzo ezisekelwengendlela eqondile nengokoqobo.
Kumanyuvesi afuna imfundo eqinile yobunjiniyela bokudla, lolu hlobo lwesitshalo sokuhlola lunikeza inani elicacile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-12-2023
